Data & sources

Data sources and inputs used in the index

This page documents the source snapshots, release dates and limitations behind Version 3. National datasets are released on different schedules, so the inputs do not all represent the same year.

Source register

Sources and scoring inputs used in Version 3

The table distinguishes direct measures, proxies and scores carried forward from an earlier model. It also identifies where the workbook does not preserve enough provenance to independently reproduce an input.

11weighted domains in the 100-point model
50states with a value for every scored input
0formula errors or mismatches between the workbook and website

Direct measure closely matches the concept being scored. Proxy measures it indirectly. Rank-derived score linearly converts a source ranking to 0–100; equal score spacing therefore does not prove equal real-world differences. Inherited score was carried forward from an earlier version. Where its original source is not preserved in the workbook, that limitation is stated plainly.

Domain / indicatorData usedSource snapshotRole in scoreMeasure typeSource fitSource
Economic equality
Wage ratios and inherited economic score
Full-time/year-round wage ratio, all-worker wage ratio and an inherited V2 economic scoreSept. 20, 2025; 2024 ACS. Prior-score date not preserved.45% FT/YR ratio; 25% all-worker ratio; 30% inherited scoreDirect outcomes + inherited scoreStrong for wages; limited for inherited inputNWLC / ACS
Original source for inherited score is not documented in the V3 workbook
Reproductive autonomy
Abortion legal environment
State ban / gestational-limit categorySept. 2, 202655% of reproductive domainDirect policyStrongGuttmacher
Reproductive autonomy
Shield-law protections
Current state shield protectionAug. 24, 202615% of reproductive domainDirect policyStrongGuttmacher
Reproductive autonomy
Medicaid abortion coverage
Coverage beyond minimum federal requirementsJuly 16, 202615% of reproductive domainDirect policyStrongGuttmacher
Reproductive autonomy
Medication-abortion access
Presence and strength of state restrictionsAug. 13, 202615% of reproductive domainDirect policyStrong with simplified scoringGuttmacher
Childcare
Inherited childcare score
State childcare score carried forward from V2Original source and date not preserved75% of childcare domainInherited composite scoreLimited until provenance is restoredOriginal source is not documented in the V3 workbook
Childcare
Assistance-system stability
Waiting-list / enrollment-freeze deteriorationMay 20, 2026; 2025 policy changes25% of childcare domainDirect policy-system measureStrong with simplified scoringNWLC
Women's health
Access, affordability and outcomes
Commonwealth Fund state rank from its women’s health and reproductive-care scorecard, converted to 0–100July 2024100% of health domainRank-derived compositeStrong source; rank conversion reduces precisionCommonwealth Fund
Workplace rights
Working-women policy protections
Oxfam’s 2025 state policy ranking, converted to 0–100Policies effective July 1, 2025100% of workplace-rights domainRank-derived policy compositeStrong source; rank conversion reduces precisionOxfam America, 2025 edition
Paid leave and caregiving
State leave supports
Leave/care score carried forward from V2Original source and date not preserved100% of paid-leave domainInherited scoreLimited until provenance is restoredOriginal source is not documented in the V3 workbook
Safety
Inherited safety score + firearm policy
V2 women’s-safety score and state firearm-relinquishment requirement for prohibited abusers under restraining ordersPrior-score date not preserved; firearm policy Jan. 14, 202670% inherited score; 30% firearm policyInherited score + direct policyLimited for inherited input; strong for firearm policyOriginal source for inherited score is not documented
Everytown Research
Civil and legal equality
State civil-rights score
Civil/legal score carried forward from V2Original source and date not preserved100% of civil/legal domainInherited scoreLimited until provenance is restoredOriginal source is not documented in the V3 workbook
Housing and independent living
Economic-independence proxy
Inherited independence score combined with all-worker wage equalityPrior-score date not preserved; wage data from 2024 ACS55% inherited proxy; 45% wage-ratio scoreProxy + direct outcomeLimited for inherited input; strong for wagesOriginal source for inherited score is not documented
NWLC wage input
Political voice
Inherited political score
State political score carried forward from V2Original source and date not preserved100% of political-voice domainInherited scoreLimited until provenance is restoredOriginal source is not documented in the V3 workbook
Female-specific basic needs
Menstrual-product policies
Period-tax status and school product-access policy2026 status50% tax status; 50% school accessDirect policyStrong with simplified scoringPERIOD.
Strong source fit

A comparable state-level policy or outcome source closely matches the domain.

Reduced precision

A source rank or composite is converted to the model’s 0–100 scale.

Limited provenance

The V3 workbook carries forward a score without preserving the original source and scoring chain.

About these labels: Source-fit labels are editorial assessments, not statistical confidence intervals or independent validation ratings.

Data timing

Why data years differ across indicators

A state law can be coded soon after it changes. Health, wage and violence outcomes often lag. Version 3 uses the source snapshots listed above; readers should follow the links for current policy status.

Not legal advice: Policy information changes and is provided for comparison only. Check the linked source and official state guidance before relying on a legal-status description.

Publication limitation

Some carried-forward scores lack a reproducible source chain

The economic, childcare, paid-leave, safety, civil/legal, housing and political domains include at least one inherited V2 score whose original source and transformation are not documented in the V3 workbook. The final formulas are internally consistent, but those inputs cannot yet be independently reproduced from the workbook alone.

Domain weights, category scores, proxy choices and normalization rules are author-defined judgments. They are disclosed so readers can evaluate them rather than mistake the index for an objective fact.

Downloadable data

Download and review the underlying data

The V3 workbook contains the state scores, weights, source notes, sensitivity testing and version-change audit.